Cote d’ Ivoire produces on average 65 000 tons of fish, which covers only 30% of national needs. The rest of the domestic consumption is imported. This deficit is related to a number of problems leading to a low productivity. To overcome these shortcomings, the government of Cote d’Ivoire has undertaken an investment program through the NIPA (National Programme of Agricultural Investment) over the period 2012-1015. For the sub-sector of fisheries resources, projects focused on improving the productivity and competitiveness of fisheries production. However, these programs may give expected results only within an appropriate governance framework. Indeed, the sector is facing an institutional problem. This study fits into this framework by seeking an effective mode of governance of the sector of fisheries resources to sustainably exploit its potential in order to reduce its imports.